A Book About the Great Depression in America

. . who now found his phone line vanished. Fear shattered all the . . . certitudes of the . . . farm wife who watched blackened clouds of dust

. . . and knew that her dreams would soon be sucked up into that boiling heap (13).

These citizenry might have had access to charity victuals lines, but the juvenile Deal could not help them incur their dreams, their jobs, their farms, their small businesses. As Watkins writes, "The relief programs . . . of the New Deal were less(prenominal) than perfect---and especially for people of color, probably not all that lots to sing ab prohibited" (137). In addition, as good as the programs were in their creation at the federal level, the New Dealers in Washington "could not fully control their programs at the topical anesthetic level" (137). In other words, in too many a(prenominal) cases, blacks and other minorities in the South and throughout the country were at the mercy of local officials when and if they sought help. "Discrimination and handsomeotry" (137) added to the miseries of millions of Americans already stripped of economic security by the Depression.

Certainly the press unions benefitted, as they enjoyed a resurgence of the power that had gradually receded during the front two decades of the century:

What the workers had won on their own was . . . the irritation of solidarity among grass-roots organizers, the heady joy [in] . . .

shap[ing] at least some character of the quality of their working lives, the satisfaction of knowing that their presence in the fabric

Working people equal to(p) to organize had power to make their voices heard and force big business and New Dealers to respond to their needs, while poor, jobless people stricken by despair fell out of the earn of the New Deal.

Watkins, T.H. The Great Depression: America in the 1930s. New York: Back Bay Books, 1993.

As Watkins writes,the New Deal created a nation

With respect to the attitude of the New Dealers and their impact on the spirit and consciousness of the nation, Watkins writes that

of the nation's economic life would never again be denied or ignored (185).

the change set in motion during these early years was at once . . . primary and . . . profoundly important: what redeemed this hour in American history was the birth of an unprecedented sense of mutual responsibility---of the judicature for the people, of the people for the government. . . . (137).

In other words, the programs of the New Deal grew out of a "deal" between the people and the government, a pledge of co-responsibility, a sense that the government had a human heart, in effect, which called on it to come to the aid of people who were in no position to help themselves.

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