Alzheimers illness is an incurable, neurodegenerative disease that hires to major(ip) abnormal alterations of the brains structure and utilisations. This results in a loss of complex cognitive functions such as memory, judgment and reasoning, pattern recognition, movement and coordination. The disease usually begins to intrusion after the age of sixty; however cases among younger spate are not unknown. Alzheimers has also been linked to genetic factors; variations in three autosomal dominant have been identified that handbill for some cases of early-onset Alzheimers disease. Currently, the wholly definitive way of diagnosing Alzheimers disease must occur after death during an autopsy where the ii characteristic changes of the brain; amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles send word be itentified. on that point are major changes in brain structure and function associated with the disease but it is these changes in the brain that can lead to other abnormal changes such as atrophy of the rational cortex; the area of the brain responsible for most nimble functions, and decreased levels of the neurotransmitters acrtylcholine, norepinephrine, somatostatin and serotonin. Alzheimers disease is currently the greatest cause of madness (deterioration of intellectual faculties) in the elderly.
The major development that leads to Alzheimers disease is the conformation up of amyloid plaque.
Amyloid plaque is term referring to the crowd the peptide (protein) amyloid beta (Aß). The presence of amyloid plaque can be detected post mortem and is integral in the diagnosing of Alzheimers disease. The amyloid beta protein is itself a segment of a more larger protein known as amyloid precursor protein (APP). APP is a normal neurone membrane protein that is synthesized within the cell, transported to the cell membrane and then later broken down. There are two major pathways of enzyme cleaving involved in the breakdown of amyloid precursor protein. It is only one of these pathways that...
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